医院如何培训员工进行灾难准备和减少风险

During a mass-casualty event (when every hospital bed and square-foot of space is taken) is not the time to run into latent system threats. As part of a larger risk reduction program, in situ simulation (taking place in the real, clinical environment) has been proven effective at minimizing this risk.³

By practicing in the real-world care environment, team members are better able to spot process issues, flaws in room arrangement and storage, and other factors slowing a team’s response time.And, these issues can be resolved prior to a real patient entering the room.

Chaos in the middle of an emergency can be off-set by command and coordination.Designated leaders, defined roles and responsibilities, and proper communication help teams stay focused and take meaningful action toward the same goal.

Multi-disciplinary simulation training can effectively transfer to the bedside, even in emergencies when new team members are added and patients begin to outnumber healthcare providers.⁵

考虑到灾难可以对护理团队，患者及其家人的心理影响也值得。压力，情感和震动都会影响患者的整体护理。作为预防措施，医院可以通过加强所用性来减少患者护理的错误two-challenge rule和CUS（有关，不舒服，安全）警告。

在高压力情况下，医疗保健提供者觉得允许彼此断言他们的担忧至关重要。

Single patient emergencies can sometimes feel like small-scale disasters. Increased adrenaline levels, less familiar procedures and protocols, and a higher probability of making errors all contribute to this feeling. Fortunately, simulating massive incidents can provide a framework for safely treating patients every day.

The level-headed situational awareness, effective communication and quick decision-making skills used in a disaster have been proven to reduce common medical errors.⁶Specifically, research shows that simulation practice for physicians, nurses, and pharmacists led to:⁷

• 较低的药物管理率和制备误差
• 更好地遵守清单
• 改善了药物误差的检测

By strengthening the competencies required to respond to large-scale disasters, healthcare providers may feel better prepared for low-frequency, high-acuity patient cases too.