在紧急医疗服务（EMS）到达现场之前，旁观者有机会极大地影响受害者的生存结果。当旁观者在前两分钟内执行心肺复苏术时，受害者的生存率可能会加倍或三倍。3
Sadly, only 46% of cardiac arrest victims receive CPR from a layperson.4在美国心脏协会进行的一项调查中，结果准确地表明了人们为什么不执行CPR。5
在下面，我们概述了讲师如何解决这些担忧并增加学生在心脏紧急情况下的几率。
CPR training courses geared toward bystanders don’t require the same level of detail as courses for card-carrying healthcare providers. And, in one study, Hands-Only CPR was found to be equally as effective as conventional CPR.8
除了认为CPR太复杂之外，旁观者还不愿意进行口口。通过简化旁观者培训并专注于仅手动心肺复苏术, the likelihood that bystanders will act can increase.
为了提高保留率并增加参与度，证据表明学习者需要成为该过程的一部分。标准化的教学方法（例如视频和课程材料）对于实现统一性至关重要。但是，他们不一定有效地获得学习者保留信息所需的问责制。
Hands-on skills practice in itself provides learners with an opportunity to break away from didactic learning. But,this tangible learning can be made even more engaging with new technology, including immediate CPR feedback devices and learning apps.
For instructors hoping to increase learner attention while also improving skills performance, it’s worth considering the upgrade to manikins with automatic feedback capabilities.
Common barriers to CPR training include time, access, and cost.12However, there are initiatives across the country that can expand an instructor’s reach of new students.
当地警察和消防部门经常为其社区中的家庭计划或参加安全活动。随着大多数SCA事件发生在家庭中，参与并提供CPR培训可能会产生巨大的影响。与会者可以学习一项最有可能挽救自己喜欢的人的生命的技能。
Another path to larger student reach is through grade schools and their programs. Research shows that states with laws mandating CPR training in schools result in a higher rates of bystander CPR.13
通过与现有的和新的initiati创意ves, CPR instructors can increase the number of trained bystanders. As a result, more bystanders may be prepared to intervene and save a life when they witness a cardiac emergency.
Victoria Vetter, MD, MPH, professor of pediatrics at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia*
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* Healio。（2018）。请参阅参考＃13。
