医院出院可能是患者护理中最高风险步骤之一。正如约翰·霍普金斯医学院的助理教授艾丽西亚·阿巴杰（Alicia Arbaje）所说的那样，“最冒险的过渡是从医院到家。”1
This is especially true for two categories of patients, both of which at first blush would seem to have nothing in common—infants and victims of cardiac arrest. The common thread - and common threat - is that on discharge, they are handed over to the care of others who may be poorly equipped to deal with a cardiac emergency if one should arise.
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无论心脏骤停在哪里，出院都是该患者通常从熟练的专业人士移交给新手外行的地方。克利夫兰诊所最近进行的一项调查显示，一半以上的美国人（54％）表示他们知道如何执行CPR。但是，只有六分之一的人知道，旁观者CPR的推荐技术仅包括成人的胸部压缩（没有呼吸）。9更少的11％知道执行这些压缩的正确速度（每分钟100到120次）。10
当患者出院时，肯定会努力降低风险。合理地，重点通常是避免用药错误。在出院的前两周内，药物错误可能会影响所有患者的一半。11But, what about training for risks beyond medication errors. "For the person who suffers cardiac arrest in the hospital, the odds of being among the one-year survivors works out to about 12 percent, or one in eight," according Paul Chan, a cardiologist at Mid-America Heart Institute in Kansas City, Mo., tells National Public Radio’s Shots.12
如果我们认为对患者的家人和朋友的心肺复苏术培训就像我们对药物警惕的需求相同的方式怎么办？现在，我们将CPR培训视为预防医学。这就是一些医院开始做的事情。
Cardiac arrest in children is the result of asphyxia in a majority of the cases. Children have increased cerebral blood flow and higher metabolic needs as compared with adults and lack of oxygen, therefore, can easily spawn a cardiac arrest.13Premature infants and infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at especially high-risk for respiratory or cardiac arrest in their first year.14
For parents going home from the hospital, the idea of something that could lead to a sudden unexplained death is one of the most common fears.幸运的是，有可用的方法可以使父母面临紧急情况。
一些组织，例如Lucile Packard儿童医院，联合医院和Bluewater Health（仅举几例），已经实施了为高危婴儿心肺复苏（CPR）培训提供的计划。这Infant CPR Anytime他们分发的套件旨在培训CPR救生技能的非专业人士。这是通过双语，交互式DVD和一个Manikin进行的，该手感在正确执行压缩时会单击。
一项有关使用婴儿心肺复苏术的一项研究，发现parents who trained with the kit actually rose to the challenge and performed CPR on their child.15五名受试者报告说出院后进行了心肺复苏术，其中五名受害者中有四名幸存下来，并且在神经系统上保持完整。16
Parents love it because they can review and practice at their own pace, and nurses love it because it's a more efficient way to teach important skills when a patient leaves the hospital...Parents can show the kits to the babysitter, grandparents, and anyone else caring for their child; the more people know CPR, the better for everyone in the community.
“练习方式”技术使任何外行人都可以在20分钟内轻松学习基本婴儿心肺复苏术，窒息救济和寻求帮助。由于易用性，一些医院正在从将这些套件提供给具有高风险婴儿的家庭到给所有有新生孩子的家庭。17
In terms of preventative medicine, this type of training can equate to precious time added to an infants life in the event of a cardiac arrest, while parents wait for EMS to arrive.
患有冠状动脉疾病并发症或经历心脏问题的患者患有SCA的风险增加。18CPR的及时交付可能会使受害者的生存机会加倍或三倍，尤其是在心脏骤停的前几分钟内进行的情况。19由于亲人和照料者最有可能在紧急情况下出现，因此他们应该准备干预并提供基本的CPR。
What this calls for is remembering that family and friends of a discharged cardiac arrest patient are in fact bystanders, and we know that旁观者立即授予心脏骤停的受害者可以使受害者的生存机会加倍或三倍。21
通过防止心室纤颤（VF）的降解（VF） - 令人震惊的心脏骤停节奏 - 可转化为不可震动的心脏骤停节奏，CPR增加了可以通过除颤成功复苏的患者数量。旁观者心肺复苏术还与在心脏骤停生存的患者中的健康状况改善有关。与未接受旁观者CPR的个人相比，对接受旁观者心肺复苏术的人的心脏骤停后的生活质量也提高了。22
就像在新生儿出院方案中添加婴儿CPR套件一样，成人CPR随时套件可能对出院高危心脏患者有益。一项支持使用基于医院的CPR培训的研究表明targeted training of families is feasible, well-received by trainees, and can increase the chance of survival from a SCA in the home.23
对于那些最近发生严重心脏事件的人，他们可以相信周围的人接受了基本的救生技能培训。在这种情况下，了解心肺复苏术对患者的护理过程和了解他或她的药物治疗方案一样重要。许多人会争辩的两者是密不可分的。
这American Heart Association (AHA) estimates that for every Infant CPR Anytime®Kit distributed, 1.5 additional people are trained. And, for every Adult CPR Anytime®Kit distributed, 2.5 additional people are trained. By providing vulnerable patients with a kit upon discharge, there is an extended opportunity to train family, friends, caregivers, and coworkers in CPR. Each additional person trained with a CPR Anytime Kit is more likely to intervene as a bystander of SCA.
您是否对组织的CPR感兴趣？
随着时间的流逝，我们的客户与我们分享了他们自己的写作技巧。为了帮助您成功获得赠款，我们创建了一个简单易用的清单。
CPR Anytime is a registered trademark of the American Heart Association.
*Stanford Children’s Health. (2012).带回家的婴儿 - 和CPR工具包。从...获得https://healthier.stanfordchildrens.org/en/bringing-home-baby-and-a-cpr-toolkit/
