为什么虚拟学习已成为基础

If you’re a nurse educator, you might agree that virtual learning technologies are here to stay. We’ve undergone an incredible evolution since 2019 and pre-pandemic. That’s when we first wrote about the topic of why nursing students seek learning in a virtual environment.Virtual learning has since transformed from being a welcome addition to teaching in 2019 to what is now a necessity in 2022 and beyond.

事实证明，虚拟仿真比我们想象的更有价值。这不仅是在教授临床推理和决策技巧的教学方面，而且还易于访问和补充其他形式的模拟能力。

Pre-pandemic, you may have seen headlines that state “millennials are technology-dependent” or “millennial attention spans are decreasing.” The science behind these claims is lacking and often disputed. The impact of technology on the learning environment, however, is unquestionable. And it’s not just millennial learners that are affected.What 2020 and 2021 have shown us is that we’re all technology-dependent.

The number of adults in the U.S. who own a smartphone has risen to 85%¹, an increase from 77% in 2019²。And 90% of adults in the U.S. say that the internet has been essential or important for them personally during the pandemic.³搜索信息不再反对suming one, with Google at our fingertips and in our very back pockets. And even those who were most resistant to using the net as a regular part of their life have had to change.

What all of this means is that learners today are constantly seeking new information, are exposed to more information in a day than previous generations, and are more prone to multitasking.⁴Adult learning theory dating back to the work of John Dewey, the father of progressive schooling, points to the need for experiential, experimental, and hands-on learning experiences. Because digital media has become all-consuming, emerging learning styles include a balance of experiential learning, guided mentoring, and collective reflection.

Today’s students need more than didactic learning. They seek to interact with the material in a way they are comfortable with – and that’s online.

In this article, we revisit why virtual simulation is an important element in producing practice-ready nurses in 2022.

Nurse educators’ adoption of digital technologies in nursing education grew exponentially as programs pivoted to distance learning. Unsurprisingly,91% of nursing programs are now using virtual simulation⁶- 从2016年的65％增加⁷。其他快速增长的技术包括学习管理系统，技能视频，自适应测验和EHR应用程序。⁸

虚拟模拟和其他技术在护理教育中已永久扎根。虚拟仿真的未来将不再是采用学习曲线，而更多地涉及教育工作者如何应用已经学习的课程。

By 2025, nursing programs are predicted to begin embracing more advanced technologies – including virtual reality, mobile apps, video capture software, wearables, and makerspaces.¹⁰

Nursing programs that have larger numbers of enrolled students tend to adopt new technologies more readily, compared to nursing programs that accept fewer students.¹²这一切都与规模经济有关。

如果您是一个小型组织，则虚拟仿真可以使您能够越过新技术，并在没有人类教学资源的情况下利用它。在线培训方法可以减少课程的整体时间和成本，同时保持学习者满意度，信心和学习成果。¹³

大卫·科尔布（David Kolb）根据约翰·杜威（John Dewey）的早期作品于1984年首次发表了他的体验学习理论。¹⁴His four-stage cycle of learning, and four learning styles that he defined, still heavily influence educational courses today. We, at Laerdal, were so inspired by his model that we used it as the basis to create our model, theCircle of Learning。

科尔布的体验学习周期定义了学习者应通过的四个阶段：

• 具体的经验——一个新的试验ence or a reinterpretation of an experience.
• Reflective Observation - Interpreting the inconsistencies between experience and understanding.
• Abstract Conceptualization - The formation of a new idea or changes to an existing idea.
• Active Experimentation - The learner applies knowledge in future situations, resulting in new experiences.

这一理论至关重要的是，学生必须在所有四个阶段中进步才能有效学习。This implies that no teaching strategy on its own should be the be-all and end-all to effective teaching。For nursing curricula, it is the combination of didactic, hands-on training, simulation, and clinical experience that prove most effective.

虚拟仿真allows learners to treat a virtual patient, gathering their medical history and practicing patient-centered care, without the threat of patient harm. Learners are immersed in an online experience that accomplishes the Reflective Observation stage of Kolb’s cycle. Drawing from textbook and lecture content, learners are engaged in the scenario and make critical decisions about the patient’s care.

Experts have recommended virtual patients as a learning activity that can support nursing students in their scientific knowledge, while helping them to integrate theory into practice.¹⁵场景的可重复性以及汇报的结合使学习者可以回顾每个决策并将其与基于证据的实践和协议进行比较。

虚拟仿真affords learners a chance to test their knowledge before participating in a full-fledged simulation and, more importantly, before they step foot into a hospital.

As the internet has grown into the mammoth source that it is today, the applications and effectiveness of eLearning have continued to improve. Research has shownthat up to 60% better consistency of learning can be achieved through technology-based training.¹⁶

虚拟模拟要求学习者借鉴他们所教的内容，并开始测试其技能的应用。每种情况都遵循故事情节，整合视频，患者互动以及仿真测验。在获得电子学习的好处的同时，包括故事元素在内的虚拟模拟为学习体验提供了更多优势。

Learners that can follow a story, from start to finish, and see the results of their decisions and actions will be better able to conceptualize safe practices.虚拟仿真provides a safe, effective, and simple online environment to practice critical-thinking and decision-making skills that every nurse needs.