儿科是否被排除在方程式之外？

奥利维亚·奎格利（Olivia Quigley）遭受突然心脏骤停（SCA）时年仅六岁。当她突然倒塌时，她当时在一年级，在体育课上进行热身。

她很幸运的是，她的学校排练了立即的医疗应急响应计划。在两名教师进行了六分钟的心肺复苏（CPR）之后，紧急医疗技术人员（EMT）带着恢复奥利维亚的除颤器来到了。她幸存下来。她的父亲说：“心脏骤停并不罕见 - 生存是罕见的。”¹

每年在美国，超过7,000名儿童都会出现院外心脏骤停（OHCA）。²他们的生存机会在很大程度上取决于旁观者和从业者是否以与他们对待成年人相同的信心和技能行事。³

Only 9% of children survive, and many have poor neurological outcomes.⁴

Olivia’s story shows the best possible outcome for a pediatric victim of SCA. Witnesses saw her collapse, teachers began bystander CPR right away, and EMS arrived within minutes to take over. Her survival is a testament to how准备可以使生与死之间有所不同。但是，可悲的是，儿科患者的动手实践可能会被忽略。人们不喜欢想象对孩子做CPR。

在本文中，我们分享了儿科SCA中提出的挑战的概述，并讨论了增加小儿复苏的动手实践的频率和质量如何有所帮助。

Training for the unexpected is one of the many benefits offered through simulation. This can be particularly true for healthcare professionals who are more likely to treat adult patients and are now faced with a pediatric patient in SCA. Treating pediatric patients can often provoke a sense of anxiety and discomfort among EMS personnel.¹⁴The EMS for Children Survey (April 2020) found that 43.6% of EMS agencies see, on average, fewer than one pediatric patient per month.¹⁵This indicates that there is certainly a lack of real-life pediatric practice.

EMS专业人士培训小儿QCPR。

在过去的30年中，院前存活率保持不变。¹⁵与医院内的比率相比，这是不断增加的。¹⁶

为什么是这样？根据彼得·安特维（Peter Antevy）博士的说法，许多EMT和护理人员都有自动运输小儿患者的趋势，而不是像成年患者那样在现场治疗他们。¹⁷当这些第一个时，临界分钟被用于运输患者时，生存的机会降低了。¹⁸这正是为什么对小儿受害者培训如此重要的原因 -developing the confidence and skills to stay put makes all the difference.

重要的是要注意，即使小儿院内存活率正在提高，生存仍然是该规则的例外。根据美国心脏协会（AHA）的数据，小儿院内心脏骤停（IHCA）的生存率只有36％。¹⁹即使医疗保健专业人员立即关注，大多数儿童也没有康复。

研究表明，只有10％的专业人员在儿科复苏中获得必要的胸部压缩部分，胸部压缩深度和胸部压缩率。²⁰What all of this points to is the need for additional training – more specifically, training with a focus on high-quality CPR.

儿科的质量CPR不再是猜测游戏。借助提供即时反馈和纠正指导的培训Manikins，专业人士可以充满信心，他们正在采用挽救生命的技术。

在见证的逮捕中bystander CPR is only performed 35% of the time。¹⁰Experts suggest that one way to improve pediatric survival rates is to build bystander confidence to take action.

一项研究发现，一小时的危机资源管理培训在儿科复苏的初始步骤中改善了受训者的反应时间。¹¹And, another study found that self-efficacy increased and anticipated anxiety about CPR decreased one month after parents received CPR training.¹²这项研究强调了高质量的CPR培训可以在社区中产生的影响。减少恐惧因素意味着增加生存。

In order to effectively train community members in CPR and ensure that they will leave the classroom confident in their ability save a life, it helps to use more engaging learning methods. It’s been shown that learners achieve the greatest competency through interactive activities. Incorporating measurement, assessment, and feedback into pediatric CPR training can better prepare them for optimal performance, and can help you rest assured that您刚刚教过一类未来的救生员。

为了提高儿童的SCA生存率，需要对最有可能与他们在一起的人进行培训 - 父母，老师，教练甚至9岁以上的孩子。¹³提供这些学习者需要的儿科实践的参与课程是制作训练棒的一种方法。

Pediatric cardiac arrest is unsettling and challenging to treat.儿童比成年人遭受心脏骤停的可能性较小，但这并不应该在心肺复苏术培训中为儿科造成空白。取而代之的是，应对这些低频，高吸引事件的培训同样重要。

通过将小儿Manikin纳入您现有的培训课程中，旁观者和医疗保健专业人员都可以提高其儿科复苏技能。188体育直播比分Laerdal Medical提供了一系列儿科CPR技能Manikins，它们结合了优质的CP​​R反馈，这将使您的学习者能够训练最高的CPR标准。