新的Inacsl标准将焦点准备
最佳实践的医疗仿真标准
Better Preparation = Better Training
经验是在任何努力中熟练和精通的很大一部分。医疗保健的仿真培训允许医务人员获得宝贵的经验和精炼救生技术。虽然在所有实践中，其有效性与标准和指南直接相关。
为实现这一任务，国际护理协会临床模拟和学习（INACSL）已经开发了（并通过最近发布的第四版的证据不断更新）任何医疗保健模拟茁壮成长的最佳实践。
As a global resource, these standards are translated into multiple languages and can be readily adapted for asset availability.
更改指南
The global pandemic and new developments in both the technical and medical fields have required rapid acclimatization. For starters, the standards have undergone a name change and will, moving forward, be known as最佳实践的医疗仿真标准.
这改变了新的聚光灯专业开发和预防，并更新了仿真设计，促进，汇报，运营，结果和目标，专业完整，仿真增强IPE，以及学习和性能的评估。
The standards consist of ten measures with each being key to ensuring the highest fidelity in Simulation-Based Experiences (SBE), respectively. But this piece will examine three that stand out as being particularly crucial with regards to preparation for simulation training. Better prepared learners gain further benefit from SBE and gain knowledge that will help to save lives.
INACSL规定的标准还表明，组织和适应性是模拟环境中最重要的元素。从业者应该注意到“基于仿真的经验需要有目的性和系统而且系统而灵活的循环计划。”
The following are adapted from the INACSL Standards, which can be found infull here.
1.组织和适应性
标准中的第一个标准突出了组织和适应性在模拟中的影响。通过有目的和系统的专业开发，利用专家网络，克服了缺乏资源。SBE应与内容专家和模拟人员在仿真教育，教学和实践中的最佳实践中进行磋商。
Required Elements to fulfill this principle:
- Simulation designers should have formal or informal training in simulation pedagogy and practices.
- 建议的发展能力方法包括（但不限于）：
- 加入专业模拟组织。
- 纳入最佳实践的医疗仿真标准（HSSOBPTM）。
- Literature survey and review.
- 指导和网络。
- 正式课程或认证。
- 模拟会议考勤或研讨会。
- Continuing education offerings focusing on pedagogy or andragogy.
- 知识符合基于模拟的经验的道德标准，并遵守医疗机构的道德规范代码（按照HSSOBPTMProfessional Integrity).
- 内容专家应具有仿真和情景设计原则，汇报方法和评估方法的一般知识。
- 遵循HSSOBP™专业开发。
2.使用保真度创造现实主义
通过利用思想领导人协商进一步专业发展，它还增加了实践的真实性。培训与治疗患者的实际经验更紧密地对齐，导致更好的准备。这在标准的第六标准中特别详细说明：Use various types of fidelity to create the required perception of realism.
Required Elements to fulfill this principle:
- 通过关注物理，概念和心理方面的忠诚，可以为实现目标做出贡献的心理方面来设计模拟。具体地，这对特定的“现实”较少，而应该专注于代表通常存在以驱动决策和动作的刺激和提示。必须从学习者的角度考虑保真度的这些方面。
- 物理（或环境）保真性涉及基于模拟的活动的物理背景如何与现实生活中发生情况的实际环境进行比较。物理保真包括患者，模拟器/人体模型，标准化患者，环境，设备，嵌入式演员和相关道具等因素。
- 概念保真确保了场景或案例的所有元素彼此现实地涉及，使得患者与学习者的整体有意义（例如，生命体征与诊断一致）。为了最大限度地提高概念保真度，应由内容专家审查案例或方案，并在与学习者一起使用之前测试的试点。
- Psychological fidelity maximizes the simulation environment by mimicking the contextual elements found in clinical environments. Some examples include an active voice for the patient(s) to allow realistic conversation, noise and lighting typically associated with the simulated setting, distractions, family members, other health care team members, time pressure, and competing priorities. Psychological fidelity works synergistically with physical and conceptual fidelity to promote learner engagement.
- Develop the simulation using the appropriate types of fidelity that create the required perception of realism that will allow learners to engage in a relevant manner.
- 富达也应该被分解为专注于患者，设施和情景。该框架将与物理，概念和心理保真度的概念结合使用，以在模拟的每个元素中创造最高的富力。
- 酌情酌情使用Moulare来复制患者情况的特征或特征，以及尽可能选择尊重患者在情景中患者种族和文化的Manikins，以促进学习者的感官看法并支持情景的保真度。
- It is important to reiterate the distinction between fidelity and modality or technology. These terms are independent of one another and need to remain so. High technology does not necessarily equate to high fidelity, and any single modality (manikin, task trainer, etc.) may or may not be high-fidelity without caveat. Not every simulation requires the highest fidelity of realism. Determinations about the degree of fidelity and the implementation of this fidelity need to be determined through the examination of several factors. These factors may include, but are not limited to:
- 学习级别
- Learning objectives
- Available time and resources
- Available equipment
- Desired learning outcomes
- 临床意义
3.适当的准备
由于理想的仿真环境是通过与专家咨询设计的，因此预计学习者和其他人可能会感到不知所措。适当的准备是重要的，并熟悉环境和方法论对积极的模拟和学习环境至关重要。这种需要反映在第八标准中：Create a prebriefing plan that includes preparation materials and briefing to guide participant success in the simulation-based experience.
Required Elements to fulfill this principle:
- 应根据基于模拟的经验的目的和学习目标制定预先开发。
- 考虑计划预防时的模拟参与者的经验和知识水平。
- Develop preparation materials to assure that participants are prepared for the experience and can meet the scenario or procedural objectives based on the experience’s needs assessment and purpose.
- 在开始基于模拟的经验之前，向参与者传达重要信息，就预期，议程和后勤。
- Conduct a structured orientation to the simulation-based learning environment including the modality.
- Establish a psychologically safe learning environment during the prebriefing.
- 遵循HSSOBP™预防：准备和简报
通过所有科学标准，没有未能进行测试和咨询的保证。利用公共资源，如Inascl，以及私人实体为学习做好准备，这是至关重要的。与专家的建议进行合作规划，对模拟中的真实性保持密切的观点，预防学习者为学习者提供了成功模拟学习的最佳机会。
About INACSL
国际护理协会临床模拟和学习（INACSL）是改变实践的全球领导者耐心的安全through excellence in health care simulation. INACSL is a community of practice for simulation where members can network with simulation leaders, educators, researchers, and industry partners. INACSL also provides the INACSL Standards of Best Practice: Simulation, an evidence-based framework to guide simulation design, implementation,汇报, evaluation, andresearch.