5 Reasons Why Real-Time Feedback Can Make the Difference
CPR Good to GreatAsk "Why" Five Times
医疗保健改善研究所(IHI)建议,当问题出现时,请问“为什么会发生这种情况?”一次又一次,直到您达到根本原因。1
When it comes to problems with CPR performance, you might find that your "Why?" trail leads you to a fundamental root cause:lack of real-time feedback during CPR。
医院每年治疗209,000次心脏骤停,成人生存率为24.8%。紧急医疗服务每年治疗350,000次心脏骤停,生存率为12%。2
金县EMS是一个致力于“为什么?”的组织的辉煌例子。他们的团队在心肺复苏期间纳入了实时反馈,此后的生存率超过了60%,是院前护理中全国平均水平的五倍。
In this article, we share five reasons why real-time feedback can help providers and their organizations go from good to great in delivering CPR.
Those who deliver the best CPR results employ real-time feedback as a means to:
- Improve defibrillation success
- 最大化灌注压力
- Adjust for chest stiffness
- 确保参与和所有权
- Continuously improve quality
1. Defibrillation Success
The longer your pre-shock pauses and the shallower your chest compressions, the less likely you will be to achieve defibrillation success.This, of course, applies to a shockable rhythm, VF (ventricular fibrillation) and VT (pulseless ventricular tachycardia).
This finding comes from a study which concluded that each 5 mm increase in compression depth and each 5 second decrease in pre-shock pause shows a doubled increase in the likelihood of shock success after adjusting for arrest location, age, sex and time to shock.3 However, today’s technology, capable of sensing compression rate and depth, has shown that frequent pauses and shallow compression depth are common in clinical practice.3
The reasons for this may be:
- 技术
- 压力
- 手卫生依从性
- Loss of situational awareness
Real-time feedbackcan be used to moderate those factors by guiding a CPR provider at the time those factors start to play their destructive role.
2.最大化灌注压力
最大化冠状动脉灌注压力(CPP)是患者生存的关键,直到获得除颤。提供者必须以一种假定的方式执行CPR,以最大化CPP,这是正常血压的一部分,该部分是专门负责冠状动脉血流的。
According to the American Heart Association (AHA), monitoring of CPR quality is arguably one of the most significant advances in resuscitation practice in the past 20 years.
AHA阐明了五个更好的血液动力学和人类生存的指标。4
- 胸部压缩部分:the proportion of time chest compressions are performed during a cardiac arrest must be: >80%
- Chest compression rate:每分钟100-120次压缩
- Chest compression depth:2–2.4 inches for adults and adolescents
- 胸后坐力:No residual leaning
- 通风:Less than 12 breaths per minute, minimal chest rise
实时反馈可以帮助CPR提供商在最佳性能方面零,以确保CPR成功。
3.每个患者的胸部都不同
Every chest resistance is different, based on the patient's:
- 1. Age
- 2. Gender
- 3.生理学
根据AHA在2006年的一项研究,尽管有建议,但救援人员通常不会深深地压缩胸部4。研究不仅证明了每个患者的胸部抗性都不同,而且还证实,随着心肺复苏期间执行的压缩次数的增加,胸部僵硬显着降低。4In 2006, there was no upper limit on compression depth. Post - 2015 AHA Guidelines, there is: 2-2.4 inches for adults and adolescents.
鉴于实时反馈现在是一项容易获得的技术,因此实现了正确的压缩深度并为除颤成功奠定了基础,这不是一个猜测游戏。如果您或您的同事曾经觉得这是一款猜测游戏,那么将实时反馈引入您的程序可以帮助消除这种感觉。
4.自治,而不是自动驾驶仪
You've likely heard or used the phrase, "I'm not in the loop." This expression comes from the U.S. Air Force concept of a "control loop" known as the OODA loop. When a pilot says he or she is "out of the loop," it means the pilot can no longer observe, orient, decide, and/or act, when flying on autopilot, for example.
Practitioner or pilot, both are high stakes roles in which autonomy and ownership are critical to success. Real-time feedback by its nature gives practitioners little choice but to be engaged in the OODA loop, which improves situational awareness, team performance, and individual attention to detail during CPR.
5. Continuous Quality Improvement
AHA建议每个EMS系统,医院和其他专业救援人员计划都应具有持续的CPR CQI(持续质量改进)计划,向董事,经理和提供者提供反馈。
这种计划使提供商有机会专注于具有长期目标的长期愿景。最大程度地提高质量CPR的五个关键指标的性能不仅对每个患者案件至关重要,而且对组织的整体成功和ESPRIT至关重要。
概括
Real-time feedback可以帮助您为除颤成功,优化的血液动力学,最佳压缩,提供者所有权以及最重要的是持续改进而创造更好的条件。实时反馈可以使您有能力面对您的性能当前错误的方法,同时也可以保证您可以并且将有所改善。
参考
- Ask “Why” Five Times to Get to the Root Cause. (n.d.). Retrieved May 11, 2017, from http://www.ihi.org/resources/Pages/ ImprovementStories/AskWhyFiveTimestoGettotheRootCause.aspx
- 心脏病和中风统计 - 2013年更新。(n.d。)。2017年5月11日从http://cpr.heart.org/ahaecc/ cprandecc/enstry/general/ucm_477263_cardiac-arrest-statistics.jsp
- Edelson, D. P., Abella, B. S., Kramer-Johansen, J., Wik, L., Myklebust, H., Barry, A. M., . . . Becker, L. B. (2006). Effects of compression depth and pre-shock pauses predict defibrillation failure during cardiac arrest. Resuscitation,71(2), 137-145. doi:10.1016/j. resuscitation.2006.04.008
- Meaney,P.A.,Bobrow,B.J.,Mancini,M.E.,Christenson,J.,Caen,A.R.,Bhanji,F.,。。。Leary,M。(2013)。心肺复苏质量:医院内外的心脏复苏结果改善:美国心脏协会的共识声明。循环,128(4),417-435。doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e31829d8654
- Tomlinson,A.,Nysaether,J.,Kramer-Johansen,J.,Steen,P。,&Dorph,E。(2007)。院外心肺复苏期间的压缩力 - 深度关系。复苏,72(3),364-370。doi:10.1016/j.Resuscitation.2006.07.017
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