儿科是否被排除在等式中？

Olivia Quigley was six years old when she suffered sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). She was in first grade, doing warm-ups in gym class, when she suddenly collapsed.

她很幸运,她的学校排练了immediate medical emergency response plan. After two teachers performed six minutes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), emergency medical technicians (EMTs) arrived with a defibrillator that revived Olivia. She survived. Recounting the experience, her father says, “Cardiac arrest isn’t rare – survival is.”¹

Each year in the United States, over 7,000 children experience an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).²Their chances of survival are largely dependent on whether bystanders and practitioners act with the same confidence and skill set with which they would treat an adult.^3.

只有9％的儿童生存，许多人的神经系统结果不佳。^4.

奥利维亚的故事表明了SCA的儿科受害者的最佳结果。目击者看到她的崩溃，教师立即开始旁观者CPR，EMS在几分钟之内到达。她的生存是一种证明如何preparation can make the difference between life and death。But, sadly, hands-on practice for pediatric patients can be overlooked. People don’t like to imagine doing CPR on a child.

在本文中,我们概述chall分享enges presented in a pediatric SCA and discuss how increasing the frequency and quality of hands-on practice for pediatric resuscitation can help.

意外培训是通过模拟提供的许多优势之一。对于更有可能治疗成年患者的医疗保健专业人员来说，这可能尤其如此，并且现在面临SCA的儿科患者。治疗儿科患者常常可以挑起EMS人员之间的焦虑感和不适感。^14.儿童EMS调查（2020年4月）发现，43.6％的EMS机构平均每月看到少于一名儿科患者。^15.这表明肯定是缺乏现实生活的儿科实践。

EMS professionals training for pediatric QCPR.

Over the past 30 years, pre-hospital survival rates have remained the same.^15.This is in comparison to rates within hospitals, which have continuously increased.^16.

Why is this?According to Dr. Peter Antevy, many EMTs and paramedics have a tendency to automatically transport pediatric patients, as opposed to remaining to treat them on site as they would with adult patients.^17.When these first, critical minutes are used to transport patients, the chances of survival decrease.^18.This is precisely why training for pediatric victims is so important –发展保持留下的信心和技能使得所有的差异。

It’s important to note that, even though pediatric in-hospital survival rates are improving, survival is still the exception to the rule. According to the American Heart Association (AHA), there is only a 36% survival-to-discharge rate for pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrests (IHCA).^19.The majority of children do not recover, even with immediate attention from healthcare professionals.

Research shows that only 10% of professionals achieve the necessary chest compression fraction, chest compression depth, and chest compression rate in a pediatric resuscitation.^20.所有这些要点都需要额外的培训 - 更具体地说，培训专注于高质量的CPR。

Quality CPR for pediatrics is no longer a guessing game. With training manikins that provide immediate feedback and corrective guidance, professionals can feel confident that they are applying life-saving techniques.

Of the arrests that are witnessed,旁观者CPR仅执行35％的时间。^10.专家表明，提高儿科生存率的一种方法是建立旁观者​​信心采取行动。

One study found that a one-hour crisis resource management training improved the trainees’ response time in the initial steps in a pediatric resuscitation.^11.而且，另一项研究发现，在父母收到CPR培训后，对CPR的自我疗效增加和预期焦虑。^12.This research highlights the impact that quality CPR training can make within a community.Reducing the fear factor means increasing survival.

为了有效地在CPR中培训社区成员，并确保他们将留下课堂对自己的能力保存生活，有助于使用更多的学习方法。已经表明，学习者通过互动活动实现最大的能力。将测量，评估和反馈纳入儿科CPR培训可以更好地准备它们以获得最佳性能，并可以帮助您放心you’ve just taught a class of future lifesavers.

To increase SCA survival rates for children, training needs to be geared toward the people who are most likely to be with them – parents, teachers, coaches, and even children as young as 9-years-old.^13.Engaging courses that provide the pediatric practice that these learners need are one way to make the training stick.

儿科心脏骤停是令人不安和挑战治疗。Children are less likely than adults to experience cardiac arrest, but that shouldn’t create a void for pediatrics in CPR training.Instead, training for these low-frequency, high-acuity events should be made equally as important.

By incorporating a pediatric manikin into your existing training curriculum, bystanders and healthcare professionals alike can improve their pediatric resuscitation skills. Laerdal Medical offers a range of pediatric CPR skills manikins that incorporate Quality CPR feedback and which will allow your learners to train to the highest CPR standards possible.