未来的听诊器？

超声波不仅仅用于孕产妇保健practices. Having come a long way since its roots in military and industrial settings, today ultrasound is well-established as a crucial technology across a range of diagnostic and therapeutic applications. The uses vary from determining the size and sex of a fetus to boosting the accuracy of a needle biopsy to treating a soft-tissue injury. Further, bedside point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has evolved into a valuable addition to an acute care clinician’s toolbox in settings such as emergency and intensive care medicine. It’s fast, improves diagnostic accuracy and informs treatment plans by condensing the list of viable diagnostic etiologies.¹

Herein, we discuss the applications of point-of-care ultrasound as well as why you might want to consider integrating it into your existing simulations.

Pocus：需要知道

Acting as one large piece of the diagnostic puzzle, POCUS findings typically indicate the next step in the care pathway.

POCUS can help reinforce core anatomy and physiology concepts, illustrate pathology and disease processes, and facilitate mastery of the physical examination. For these reasons, organizations ranging from the American Academy of Emergency Medicine to the American Institute for Ultrasound in Medicine, have advocated for POCUS as an important element of undergraduate medical education.^{2 3}

但是，有两种警告。首先，Pocus是依赖的操作员。图像获取和解释中的信心和能力是必不可少的，这是将一个人的研究结果纳入临床决策的能力。^4.在超声中培养必要的操作员能力经常证明有问题，因为它目前由“见解”的方法，要求患者，标准化的患者，商业训练模型或尸体 - 全部成本。

Second, today’s ultrasound training typically lacks an emphasis on critical thinking and decision-making components — vital in emergency and intensive care settings.

History Repeats Itself…Even in Simulation

由于护理点超声成为越来越普遍的成像模型，医学院和居住计划开始将更加强大的超声训练纳入课程。专家们无法帮助，并与麻醉教育者的历史相提并论，他们转向模拟，以便在现实背景下培训基本技能。

Until the 1990s, anesthesiology residents faced challenges in achieving clinical competency while maintaining patient safety. Many of the technical and non-technical skills required for anesthesia practice — from difficult airway management and lung separation to effective teamwork — are ideally acquired by exercises and experiences rather than traditional lectures.

高保真时装模特模拟器的出现和基于仿真的培训有效解决了这些挑战。发现用模拟器培训的麻醉居民被发现更快地响应，表现更好，并偏离接受的程序。^5.Other researchers reported better cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance^6., reduction in costs and complications related to central catheter insertion^7.，心肺旁路断奶的得分越高，仿真培训群体中的卓越的非技术技能。

Why is medical simulation training so effective? Experience has shown that simulation…

• Serves as an alternative to a live patient.
• Is experiential learning-based.
• Offers varying levels of fidelity.
• Increases engagement and maximizes retention.
• Allows for debriefing.
• Improves teamwork.

Adding Vitality to Your Ultrasound Training

仿真培训特别适合掌握护理点超声波，这是急诊医学等专业所需的核心竞争力。它是快速，准确，可重复，经济效益，无侵蚀风险的快速，准确，可重复，经济效益，并且可以在稳定和不稳定的患者中使用。它也可以平行于物理检查，复苏和稳定化，这可以增加医学院和居住计划的超声训练。^9.

一项调查显示,美国医学协会有限公司lleges found that more than 80% of medical schools had incorporated simulation-based instruction within all four years of their curriculum.^10.Among nursing schools, 87% have incorporated simulation-based training with high- or medium-fidelity mannequins within the curriculum.^11.

Many schools have access to simulation equipment — its use simply has yet to reach full capacity when it comes to ultrasound. That means the majority of today’s chief residents and clinical directors did not experience the value of simulation firsthand in their own ultrasound training, and may not recognize the opportunity it presents to optimize the teaching of this clinical skill.

With point-of-care ultrasound fast becoming an extension of the clinical examination, simulation-based education is the vehicle of choice to meet emerging educational needs, as well as ultimately improving patient safety and outcomes.

与团队培训解决方案，如莱德尔Sonosim超声解决方案now available, programs that currently use Laerdal simulators may find they can be expanded to include POCUS training capabilities.