高效的SIM专家的7种习惯

Make simulation your bridge between classroom and real-life clinical performance.

使用模拟的好处是多种多样的。无论是在模拟急诊室，重症监护病房（ICU）还是在不带患者或医疗保健工作者处于危险之中的培训中，都会带来令人难以置信的知识和经验。体验式学习是每个医疗保健专业人员都需要的，但通常很少有人可以访问。

对于看到实施模拟培训的好处的机构，以下是启动有效计划的七个秘密：

1.从最后开始

仿真可能涉及一些相当复杂的设备，但是在制定模拟培训计划时，无需过度复杂化的过程。一开始，定义明确的学习目标将避免混淆和返回以后进行。更重要的是，他们将帮助管理期望和资源承诺。¹

2.忠于您的学习目标

If your goal is to have participants master basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), for example, there’s no need to incorporate a complex simulation scenario that deals with equipment failure or working at a chaotic fire scene. To stay focused, benchmark all decisions against your stated learning objectives. “Will this feature support or detract from what we’re trying to achieve?”

3.分享如何将学习应用于工作

讲师需要准确地传达参与者从模拟中获得的预期，并在患者的床边申请。这将有助于提高目标感，对学习和保留信息的承诺。

If students are expected to complete a cardiac assessment, explain what that means. Is it expected they listen to heart sounds in all fields, attach the patient to a monitor and interpret their electrocardiogram rhythm, and/or obtain a history of all related illness and medications? Expectations among instructors may vary, so being specific will clarify discrepancies.²

4.Leverage the power of short-term gains

Simulation experts recognize that making the case for simulation means demonstrating return on investment (ROI) — the faster, the better. Typically, they turn to the Kirkpatrick model to demonstrate how simulation training is worth the investment:³

有效地传达主要利益相关者之间的短期收益，热情和士气。它还说明了员工敬业度和投资回报率之间的联系，以实用的术语表明模拟如何产生直接价值。

5.思考教师发展

Unlike the traditional classroom setting where instruction is teacher-centered, instruction using simulation is student-centered, with the teacher playing the role of facilitator in the student’s learning process.⁴这是另一种学习方式，需要不同类型的教学。这意味着教师发展是每个有效的模拟计划中的关键部分。

6. Create a simulation that is geared for self-reflection

要设计成功的汇报会议，请根据早期建立的学习目标进行定制。If you’ve defined those objectives well — around mastery of a particular technical skill or aspect of team behavior, for example — your debriefing session will allow you to gauge how closely participants’ performance aligned with the objectives, and what actions must be taken to bridge any observed gaps.

7.确定绩效管理的内容和方式

Metric-based simulation ensures that your training sessions are more than just simulated clinical “experiences” because progress is able to be objectively measured. It’s vital to identify what you will measure and how you will measure it.

培训应集中于应做的事情和应完成的顺序，但它也应针对至少减少的性能错误，最好是消除。⁵

Applying best practices to your simulation practice

模拟是对时间，金钱和资源的大量投资，但是您的学习者可以获得的收获是无价的。通过遵循铺平道路的SIM专家的最佳实践，您将正在创建一个模拟程序，该计划将在未来几年内支付股息。